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Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. – History, Overview & Future Outlook

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Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. – History, Overview & Future Outlook

Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (IOC) is a Maharatna company owned by the Government of India that operates across the entire hydrocarbon value chain. From oil refining and pipeline transportation to petrochemicals, gas, and alternative energy, IOC plays a crucial role in India's energy security. With a global presence and strong focus on R&D and sustainable practices, IOC has consistently ranked among the world’s top energy firms. It holds the 116th position on the Fortune Global 500 list and leads India’s oil refining and marketing sector.

About Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.

Details

Information

Founded Year

1959

Industry Type

Oil and Gas

Headquarters

New Delhi

Key People

Mr. SrikanthMadhav Vaidya (Chairman)

Market Cap

₹1,98,022 Crore (as of 18th June 2025)

History

Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. was established in 1959 as Indian Oil Company Ltd. It launched its first public sector refinery in Guwahati in 1962 and merged with Indian Refineries Ltd. in 1964, becoming Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. In 1972, it introduced India’s first indigenous lubricant brand, SERVO. IOC was listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange in 1995 and ventured into LNG in 1998. In 2010, it attained Maharatna status. Key milestones include expanding refinery operations, launching Autogas, and playing a key role in India’s rollout of BS-VI fuels in 2020. The company has consistently contributed to India’s energy landscape over the decades.

(Source: Company website)

Industry and Sector

IOC operates across refining, pipeline transportation, marketing, gas exploration, petrochemicals, and alternative energy. It has expanded globally with subsidiaries in the UAE, Sri Lanka, Sweden, and more. The company also partners with other energy firms through over 15 joint ventures to explore domestic and international opportunities.

Key Business Areas

  • Refining: Operates major Indian refineries including Panipat, Mathura, and Paradip.

  • Pipeline: Manages one of the world’s largest oil pipeline networks.

  • Marketing: Operates over 58,000 customer touchpoints across Asia.

  • R&D: Develops eco-friendly technologies in petroleum and alternative energy.

  • Natural Gas: Imports and markets gas across the country.

  • Petrochemicals: Markets products through a dedicated SBU.

  • Exploration & Production (E&P): Engaged in domestic and international ventures.

  • City Gas Distribution (CGD): Expanding access to cleaner fuel.

  • Explosives & Cryogenics: Offers industrial services and cryogenic containers.

(Source: Company website)

Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. – Key Highlights

A snapshot of IndianOil’s mission, values, and recent milestones are outlined below:

Mission & Vision

IOC’s mission is to deliver reliable, safe energy while minimising ecological impact. Its vision is to be the “Energy of India” and a “Globally Admired Company.” Project Sattva redefined its values—Care, Innovation, Passion, Trust—with a new addition: Nation-First. This reflects a strong national commitment while embracing agility, empathy, and sustainability.

(Source: Company website)

Milestones and Achievements

IOC delivers over 1.6 million barrels of crude daily, fuels 2,300+ flights, and supplies LPG to the remotest parts of India. With a 45% market share, it’s a key contributor to PMUY. In FY24-25, IOC achieved record sales of 100.292 MMT and pipeline throughput of 100.477 MMT, crossing the 100 MMT milestone in both categories for the first time.

Recent Developments or News

IOC will supply LNG to the Andaman & Nicobar Islands’ first gas-based power plant by NTPC. The 50 MW facility is expected to be operational by 2027–28. IOC is supporting infrastructure development in South Andaman and Great Nicobar to reduce reliance on diesel and promote clean energy.

Financial Overview of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.

Let's have a look at IOC’s financial performance and earnings trends:

Revenue and Profit Trends

For FY 2024-25, IOC posted revenue from operations of ₹8,45,513 crore, slightly down from ₹8,66,345 crore the previous year. Net profit stood at ₹12,962 crore versus ₹39,619 crore in FY23-24, largely due to weaker refining and marketing margins.

Key Financial Ratios 

Ratio

FY 2025

FY 2024

Return on Equity (%)

7.29

22.75

Return on Capital Employed (%)

8.22

23.90

Return on Assets (%)

2.68

8.65

Interest Coverage Ratio (x)

4.27

10.15

Asset Turnover Ratio (x)

1.53

1.68

Price to Earnings (P/E) (x)

12.95

5.54

Price to Book (P/B) (x)

0.94

1.26

EV/EBITDA (x)

8.09

4.48

EBITDA Margin (%)

5.21

10.25

Recent Quarterly/Annual Results

In Q4 FY24-25, IOC reported revenue of ₹2,17,725 crore and net profit of ₹7,265 crore. Sales volumes grew 2.6% YOY to 25.945 million tonnes. Refining throughput was 18.548 million tonnes, and pipeline throughput reached 25.777 million tonnes, a 4.8% increase from the previous year.

Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Share Price Performance

An overview of the IOC share price movement, volatility, and value is presented below:

Historical Share Price Trends

The IOC share price has delivered strong long-term performance, especially when viewed over a multi-year horizon. Over the last three financial years, Indian Oil Corporation has given a return of 76.7%, significantly outperforming the Nifty 50, which returned 50.77% during the same period. This means IOC shares have offered better capital appreciation compared to the broader market index.

However, returns have not been consistent every year. The company's Return on Equity (ROE)—which measures how effectively the company uses shareholders’ capital—has fluctuated over the past five years. The ROE numbers stand at - 7.29% (FY25), 22.75% (FY24), 7.00% (FY23), 18.79% (FY22), and 19.34% (FY21).

These shifts reflect changes in profitability, refining margins, and market conditions over time. In short, while the IOC share price can be influenced by global crude trends, regulatory factors, and domestic demand, its long-term trajectory has been positive—particularly for patient investors.

52-Week High/Low

IOC’s 52-week high is ₹185.97 and the low is ₹110.72. The large spread reflects fluctuations driven by energy market trends and geopolitical factors.

Price Volatility and Market Cap

As of June 2025, IOC’s market cap is ₹1,98,347 crore. OIC share prices are highly sensitive to crude oil price fluctuations, especially those stemming from Middle East tensions. As a downstream company, IOC imports crude, refines it, and sells fuel products, making it vulnerable to rising input costs when oil prices spike. It often cannot fully pass these increases to consumers due to regulated fuel pricing. Volatility impacts refining margins, inventory valuations, and forex outflows. Additionally, shipping and insurance costs surge during geopolitical conflicts, further affecting margins. These factors can directly influence the IOC share price performance.

Pros & Cons of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.

Pros:

  • Operates India’s largest refining and marketing network.

  • Strong brand name and government backing.

  • Broad energy portfolio with diversification into gas and renewables.

Cons:

  • Faces price controls and regulatory dependence.

  • Increasing competition from private and renewable energy players.

  • Possibility of price volatility due to change in crude oil prices amidst rising global tensions.

Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Stock Fundamentals

P/E Ratio, EPS, ROE

Metric

Value

P/E Ratio

14.57

EPS (TTM)

₹9.63

ROE

8.22%

Market Cap

₹1,98,347 crore

*As of 18th June 2025.

Dividend History

For FY24-25, the board recommended a final dividend of ₹3 per share (face value ₹10), subject to shareholder approval. Previously, a final equity dividend of ₹7 per share was issued by IOC in April 2024. The ex-dividend date was 12th July 2024. The current dividend yield for IOC stands at 8.53%, reflecting a strong shareholder return history.

Shareholding Pattern (as of March 2025)

Category

Shareholding (%)

Promoters

51.50%

FIIs

7.39%

DIIs

9.97%

Government

19.57%

Public

11.57%

Competitors of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.

IOC operates in a competitive sector. Here's how it compares:

Peer Comparison

Company

Price (₹)

MCap (Cr)

P/E

P/B

ROE (%)

1-Yr Return (%)

IOC

140.80

1,98,827

14.62

1.09

7.29

-16.98

BPCL

316.20

1,37,183

10.29

1.78

16.38

0.24

HPCL

393.95

83,825

12.44

1.83

13.16

11.46

MRPL

135.82

23,804

424.44

1.93

0.43

-36.77

Chennai Petro

627.00

9,337

43.63

1.21

2.60

-36.66

Market Positioning

With a market cap of over ₹1.98 lakh crore, IOC is among the largest public sector undertakings in India’s energy space. Its scale and integration make it a cornerstone of the nation’s oil and gas infrastructure.

Future Outlook for Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.

IOC is set to play a major role in India’s energy transition. Let's review the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead: 

Growth Opportunities

IOC aims to fulfil 12.5% of India’s energy needs by 2050. It is expanding its natural gas presence, forming international partnerships, and exploring clean energy. Strategic acquisitions and infrastructure development remain key to its long-term goals.

Risks and Challenges

IOC remains sensitive to global oil prices, policy shifts, and environmental regulations. As competition from cleaner energy sources grows, IOC must balance profitability and sustainability.

How to Track Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.'s Share Price?

The IOC share price can be tracked in real time on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), as well as through financial apps, brokerage platforms, and credible news portals. These sources provide live price movements, historical charts, and trading volumes. For official updates, including quarterly results, corporate announcements, and regulatory filings, investors can visit the investor relations section of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.’s website at www.iocl.com. Monitoring these updates regularly can help users stay informed about key developments that may influence the IOC share price and broader market sentiment.

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