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Definition: Budget estimates, though not an exact figure, represent the extent of expenditure the government is willing to make for a particular sector.
Budget estimates are the expected income and expenditure of various departments in the upcoming financial year. These estimates are calculated by the government based on the funds a particular ministry or department has sought. Budget estimates usually include records of the government like revenue and capital receipts as well as revenue and capital expenditure. The Budget Estimates are required to be approved by the Parliament and is mentioned as “Demand for Grants” for different ministries. Here's an example to help you understand what Budget Estimate means, better. If the government decides to lay down ₹1000 Crore to help develop the country’s infrastructure then that particular figure becomes the budget estimate for infrastructure for that fiscal year. This is exactly how it is done for other sectors like railways, defence, healthcare etc. But here’s the catch; Budget estimates can be considered only an ‘expectation’ of how much a particular sector might need to progress. As the fiscal year progresses however and the work on these sectors starts, the funds allotted might need to be adjusted up or down.
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