What is a Banking and PSU Fund?
A Banking and PSU Fund is a type of debt mutual fund that primarily invests in fixed-income instruments issued by banks, PSUs, and Public Financial Institutions (PFIs). These funds allocate at least 80% of their capital to high-quality debt securities, ensuring a stable and low-risk investment option. Due to their exposure to government-backed organisations, they offer an appealing balance of safety, liquidity, and moderate returns.
Investors prefer these funds for their relatively lower credit risk compared to other debt funds. With investments predominantly in AAA-rated bonds and other highly rated instruments, these funds ensure a secure way to earn steady returns. Additionally, due to their short to medium-term investment horizon, they are ideal for conservative investors looking for stable and predictable income streams.
How does a Banking and PSU Fund work?
Banking and PSU Funds primarily invest in debt instruments issued by banks, PSUs, and public financial institutions, ensuring high credit quality and lower default risk. As per SEBI regulations, at least 80% of the fund’s assets must be allocated to these securities, making them a relatively safer investment option compared to other debt funds.
These funds focus on short to medium-term fixed-income instruments such as bonds, debentures, and certificates of deposit, offering liquidity and stability. The credit risk is minimal since they invest in government-backed institutions, though they remain sensitive to interest rate fluctuations.
When interest rates rise, bond prices may decline, affecting fund returns. However, fund managers use active duration management strategies to optimise performance. These funds are ideal for conservative investors seeking stable returns over a 1-3-year period. While they offer lower risks than corporate bond funds, investors should assess economic conditions and interest rate trends before investing.
What are the Features of Banking and PSU Fund?
Banking and PSU Funds offer a mix of safety, liquidity, and moderate returns. Here are the key features:
- High Credit Quality - These funds primarily invest in AAA-rated or similar high-quality debt instruments issued by banks and PSUs, ensuring lower credit risk.
- Government-Backed Investments - Since most PSUs and public sector banks are government-backed, these funds provide a higher level of security.
- Stable Returns - With lower volatility compared to equity funds, these funds provide stable and predictable returns.
- Liquidity - These funds invest in debt instruments with relatively short to medium-term maturity, ensuring high liquidity.
- Low Credit Risk - The risk of default is minimal due to the high creditworthiness of the institutions involved.
- Tax Efficiency - Long-term investments in these funds (over three years) qualify for indexation benefits, making them more tax-efficient than fixed deposits.
Types of Banking and PSU Fund
Banking and PSU Funds come in different categories based on their investment strategy and risk profile. Below are the main types:
- Short-Term Banking and PSU Funds - These funds invest in debt instruments with a short maturity period (up to three years), making them suitable for conservative investors.
- Medium-Term Banking and PSU Funds - These funds have a slightly longer duration, offering a balance between risk and return.
- Dynamic Duration Banking and PSU Funds - These funds adjust their investment duration based on market conditions, aiming to optimise returns while managing interest rate risks.
- Target Maturity Banking and PSU Funds - These funds have a fixed maturity date, allowing investors to align their investments with financial goals.
Who Should Invest in Banking and PSU Fund?
Banking and PSU Funds are an excellent investment option for individuals seeking low-risk, stable returns. Here are key investor profiles who may benefit from these funds:
- Conservative Investors - If you prefer stable credit profiles with minimal volatility, these funds offer a secure investment avenue.
- Investors Seeking Consistent Returns - Banking and PSU funds provide relatively steady returns compared to equity-based investments, making them a good choice for those looking to avoid market fluctuations.
- Investors with a Short to Medium-Term Horizon - If you aim to invest for a period ranging between 1-3 years, these funds offer better returns compared to traditional fixed deposits (FDs).
- Portfolio Diversification Seekers - For equity investors looking to balance their portfolio with a secure debt component, Banking and PSU Funds serve as an ideal option.
- Tax-Savvy Investors - Investors looking for indexation benefits on long-term capital gains (for investments held beyond three years) can also benefit from these funds.
How to Invest in Banking and PSU Fund with Bajaj Broking?
Investing in Banking and PSU Funds is a straightforward process, especially through Bajaj Broking. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Open an Account with Bajaj Broking - If you do not have a Demat account with Bajaj Broking, you need to complete the KYC process and submit the required documents to get started.
Step 2: Log into Your Bajaj Broking Account - Use your registered mobile number to access your Bajaj Broking account. Verify the OTP and enter your MPIN.
Step 3: Choose the Right Banking and PSU Fund - Evaluate various Banking and PSU funds based on:
- Historical Performance: Check the fund’s past returns and consistency.
- Risk Level: Compare the fund’s risk profile with your risk tolerance.
- Expense Ratio: Lower expense ratios lead to better net returns.
- Fund Ratings: Review ratings from reputable credit agencies.
- Tax Implications: Consider tax benefits for long-term holdings.
Step 4: Invest in Your Chosen Fund - Navigate to the mutual funds section in your Bajaj Broking account and locate your selected fund. Then:
- Decide between a lump sum investment or a Systematic Investment Plan (SIP).
- Specify the investment amount and select your payment method (UPI, net banking, etc.).
- For SIP investments, set up a mandate for automated monthly payments.
Step 5: Track and Manage Your Investments - Once invested, regularly monitor the fund’s performance. You can use the Bajaj Broking platform to track your returns, make additional investments, or exit based on market trends.
By following these steps, investors can seamlessly invest in Banking and PSU Funds to achieve their financial goals while maintaining a balanced and secure investment strategy.
Advantages of Investing in Banking and PSU Funds
Investing in Banking and PSU Mutual Funds offers multiple benefits, making them a preferred choice for conservative investors. These funds focus on high-credit-quality debt instruments, ensuring safety while providing stable returns. Below are the key advantages:
1. High Liquidity
- SEBI mandates at least 10% of these funds to be invested in Treasury Bills (T-bills) and Government Securities (G-secs), ensuring easy liquidity.
- Since these funds invest in AAA-rated instruments, they remain in high demand, further improving liquidity.
2. Lower Risks
- Banking and PSU funds primarily invest in debt securities issued by government-backed institutions, reducing credit risk.
- These funds are considered safer than other debt funds due to their exposure to stable and reputed banking and PSU entities.
3. Higher Returns than Fixed Deposits
- Returns on these funds tend to be higher than traditional bank FDs while maintaining a similar risk profile.
- Investors seeking stable returns without taking excessive risk may find these funds more attractive than FDs.
4. Tax Efficiency
- Investments held for more than three years qualify for long-term capital gains tax (LTCG) at 20% with indexation benefits, reducing overall tax liability.
- This makes Banking and PSU funds a tax-efficient alternative to short-term debt investments.
5. Portfolio Stability
- These funds primarily invest in high-credit-rated entities, ensuring stable performance even during economic fluctuations.
- Investors looking to diversify their debt portfolio with low-risk options can consider Banking and PSU funds.
Risks Involved in Banking and PSU Funds
While Banking and PSU Mutual Funds are relatively safe, they are not completely risk-free. Investors should be aware of the following risks before making an investment decision:
1. Interest Rate Risk
- When interest rates rise, the value of existing debt instruments falls, leading to lower returns.
- The fund’s Net Asset Value (NAV) may fluctuate based on market interest rate changes.
2. Limited Profitability
- Since these funds focus on debt instruments, the returns are moderate compared to equity investments.
- Investors looking for aggressive capital growth may find these funds less attractive.
3. Short Investment Tenure
- Banking and PSU funds usually have a short investment horizon of 1–3 years.
- They may not be suitable for investors seeking long-term wealth creation.
4. Market Volatility Risk
- Though these funds are considered safe, external factors like policy changes or economic downturns may impact their performance.
- Investors should review market conditions before making an investment decision.
Factors To Consider Before Investing in Banking and PSU Fund
Investing in Banking and PSU funds can be a strategic decision for those looking for stability and low-risk returns. However, before making an investment, consider the following key factors:
- Risk Profile - Banking and PSU funds are relatively low-risk debt funds. They primarily invest in government-backed institutions, reducing the probability of default. However, they are still exposed to interest rate fluctuations, making it crucial to assess your risk tolerance before investing. If you prefer minimal volatility with steady returns, these funds could be an ideal choice.
- Portfolio Composition - It is essential to review the fund’s holdings before investing. Banking and PSU funds typically allocate at least 80% of their capital to bonds issued by banks, PSUs, and public financial institutions. A well-diversified portfolio ensures stability and minimises risk.
- Expense Ratio - The expense ratio represents the cost of managing the mutual fund. A lower expense ratio leads to better returns over time. It is advisable to compare different Banking and PSU funds and choose one with a competitive expense ratio to optimise your investment.
- Performance History - Analysing the historical performance of a Banking and PSU fund can provide insights into its consistency in generating returns. While past performance does not guarantee future success, it helps assess the fund’s reliability. Look for funds that have consistently outperformed their benchmark indices over time.
- Exit Load and Tax Implications - Before investing, understand the exit load and taxation rules associated with these funds. Some funds may impose an exit load if redeemed within a specific period, impacting liquidity. Additionally, Banking and PSU funds are subject to taxation based on the investment tenure, influencing overall returns.
Taxability of Banking and PSU Fund
Taxation is a crucial aspect when considering investments in Banking and PSU funds. Understanding the applicable tax rules helps in making informed financial decisions:
- Short-Term Capital Gains (STCG) Tax - If an investor redeems their investment within 36 months, any profit earned is categorised as STCG. The tax is applied as per the investor’s income tax slab rate.
- Long-Term Capital Gains (LTCG) Tax - If the investment is held for more than 36 months, the profit is considered an LTCG. These gains are taxed at 20%, with the benefit of indexation, which reduces the overall tax liability.
- Tax on Dividends - Dividends received from Banking and PSU funds are added to the investor’s total taxable income and taxed as per their applicable income tax slab. Additionally, a 10% TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) is applied on dividends exceeding ₹5,000 in a financial year.
Popular Banking and PSU Funds in India
Banking and PSU mutual funds primarily invest in debt instruments issued by banks, public sector undertakings (PSUs), and public financial institutions (PFIs). These funds offer lower risk, high liquidity, and relatively stable returns, making them suitable for conservative investors seeking short- to medium-term investment options. Below is a table highlighting some of the most popular Banking and PSU mutual funds in India:
Fund Name
| AUM (in ₹ crores)
| Expense Ratio (%)
| CAGR 3Y (%)
| CAGR 5Y (%)
|
UTI Banking & PSU Fund
| 810.42
| 0.36
| 8.54
| 7.44
|
Edelweiss Banking and PSU Debt Fund
| 268.66
| 0.39
| 6.21
| 7.23
|
ICICI Pru Banking & PSU Debt Fund
| 9,859.55
| 0.39
| 7.00
| 7.01
|
Kotak Banking and PSU Debt Fund
| 5,796.97
| 0.39
| 6.63
| 6.95
|
Nippon India Banking & PSU Debt Fund
| 5,705.86
| 0.38
| 6.44
| 6.94
|
1. UTI Banking & PSU Fund
The UTI Banking & PSU Fund predominantly lends to banks and public sector undertakings, ensuring high credit quality and relatively lower risk. Managed by UTI AMC since 2003, the fund benefits from strong promoters such as SBI, LIC, Bank of Baroda, and PNB. With a minimum investment requirement of ₹500 per month, this fund is an accessible choice for investors seeking stability.
2. Edelweiss Banking and PSU Debt Fund
With an expense ratio of 0.39%, the Edelweiss Banking and PSU Debt Fund offers a yield to maturity of 7.16%. It has a Sharpe ratio of 3.88, reflecting strong risk-adjusted returns. Managed by Edelweiss Asset Management Limited, which oversees 50 schemes with an AUM of ₹1,05,310.95 crore, this fund demonstrates efficient management and moderate risk exposure.
3. ICICI Pru Banking & PSU Debt Fund
This fund has an expense ratio of 0.39% and a yield to maturity of 7.55%. With a Sharpe ratio of 5.95, it exhibits excellent risk-adjusted performance compared to the category's average of 5.24. The fund has no lock-in period or exit load, making it a flexible option for investors. The minimum lump sum investment required is ₹500.
4. Kotak Banking and PSU Debt Fund
Offering an expense ratio of 0.39% and a yield to maturity of 7.43%, the Kotak Banking and PSU Debt Fund is a strong contender for stable returns. It has a Sharpe ratio of 4.98, slightly below the category average of 5.24, yet remains a safe investment choice. With no lock-in period or exit load, this fund provides ample flexibility, and the minimum investment required is ₹100.
5. Nippon India Banking & PSU Debt Fund
The Nippon India Banking & PSU Debt Fund has an expense ratio of 0.38% and a yield to maturity of 7.33%. With a Sharpe ratio of 5.13, it offers reasonable risk-adjusted returns. The fund does not have a lock-in period or exit load, making it a highly liquid investment choice. The minimum lump sum investment required is ₹5,000.
Conclusion
Banking and PSU Funds offer a balanced investment option with lower risk and stable returns, making them ideal for conservative investors. Their focus on government-backed institutions ensures security, while their short to medium-term nature provides liquidity. However, investors should assess their financial goals, risk tolerance, and market conditions before investing. By diversifying with these funds, one can achieve steady growth while maintaining a secure portfolio.