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GAIL (India) Ltd. - History, Overview & Future Outlook

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GAIL (India) Ltd. - History, Overview & Future Outlook

GAIL (India) Ltd. is one of India’s main natural gas companies. It works across the full natural gas chain. This includes gas trading, transmission, LPG and LNG handling, petrochemicals, and city gas distribution. GAIL owns a wide gas pipeline network covering more than 16,000 km. The company manages around 66% of India’s gas transmission and over half of its gas trading. It also operates major city gas projects in cities like Delhi and Mumbai through its subsidiaries and joint ventures. GAIL is active in LNG, petrochemical production, and renewable energy. It also runs exploration projects in India and abroad, including a U.S. shale gas asset. The company has recently started producing green hydrogen and is blending hydrogen into city gas. Its petrochemical and renewable projects are also expanding. With large infrastructure and operations, GAIL is a key player in India’s energy landscape.

Source: GAIL website

About GAIL (India) Ltd.

Details

Information

Founded Year

1984

Industry Type

Natural Gas & Energy Infrastructure

Headquarters

New Delhi, India

Key People

Sandeep Kumar Gupta (Chairman & MD)

History

GAIL (India) Limited, formerly known as Gas Authority of India Ltd., was established on August 16, 1984. It was created to build India’s natural gas infrastructure. In the early 1990s, GAIL developed the Hazira-Vijaipur-Jagdishpur pipeline and added LPG plants and regional pipelines. In 1997, it began city gas distribution in Delhi. In 1999, it set up a petrochemical plant in Pata, Uttar Pradesh. By 2001, it expanded into telecom through GAILTEL and built a long LPG pipeline from Jamnagar to Loni. GAIL later expanded into LNG, power, exploration, and city gas through joint ventures. On November 22, 2002, it was renamed GAIL (India) Ltd., reflecting its broader role in the energy sector. The company opened its initial public offering (IPO) on February 27, 2004, and was officially listed for trading on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE) on March 24, 2004.

Source: GAIL website

Industry and Sector

GAIL operates in India’s energy sector, mainly in natural gas infrastructure. It is part of the oil and gas industry but focuses on natural gas, LNG, and related services. The sector supports India’s goal of using cleaner fuels and building long-term energy security. Demand for gas depends on both domestic use and global trends. The sector also faces global price changes, supply chain issues, and policy changes. GAIL, being government-backed, plays a key role in supporting national energy projects. The shift to green energy and renewable fuels is also shaping the future of the natural gas industry.

Key Business Areas

GAIL’s work includes processing, transporting, and selling natural gas. It runs long-distance pipelines and brings in LNG from global suppliers. It also transports and sells liquid fuels like LPG. The company makes petrochemicals such as polyethylene and polypropylene at its Pata plant and other joint ventures. It supplies natural gas to homes, vehicles, and businesses in many cities through its city gas units. In addition, GAIL is involved in power generation using gas and is developing wind and solar energy projects. Its telecom arm, GAILTEL, offers data and leased line services using its own network. GAIL also has oil and gas exploration projects in India and abroad.

GAIL (India) Ltd. – Key Highlights

A look at the company’s vision, goals, achievements, and recent activities.

Mission & Vision

GAIL has played a major part in India’s energy growth. As the market changes due to new technology, rising demand, and environmental issues, GAIL updated its mission and vision under "Strategy 2030."

Mission: To improve lives by delivering clean energy solutions and expanding into related sectors that support sustainable growth.

Vision: To lead the natural gas value chain while building a global presence and generating long-term value for all stakeholders through environmentally responsible practices.

These statements reflect GAIL’s goals to serve the public, grow sustainably, and reduce environmental impact while expanding into new areas.

Milestones and Achievements

In FY 2023-24, GAIL crossed the ₹1 trillion mark in total revenue. It also saw a rise in market capitalisation and assets. GAIL won top honours at the 19th National Award for Excellence in Cost Management in 2025. It completed the world’s first ship-to-ship LNG transfer to cut shipping costs and emissions. With LNG contracts from the U.S., GAIL restructured deliveries to lower emissions by changing vessel routes. These steps show the company’s efforts to reduce its carbon footprint while handling global energy trade.

Recent Developments or News

GAIL announced it the company is going to invest a whopping ₹844 crores to expand the Dahej-Uran-Dabhol-Panvel pipeline network. This pipeline currently handles 19.9 million standard cubic metres of gas daily. The upgrade will enhance the capacity of the pipeline to 22.5 mmscmd over the next three years. This move is aimed at meeting the rising energy demand in western India. The project will improve energy supply to homes and industries in the area. The expansion also supports India’s goal to increase the share of gas in its energy mix.

Financial Overview of GAIL (India) Ltd.

A review of revenue, profits, and key financial numbers.

Revenue and Profit Trends

GAIL’s revenue increased from ₹133,228.46 crore in FY 2024 to ₹141,903.49 crore in FY 2025, a rise of about 6.5%. Net profit also grew by 26.9%, from ₹8,220.73 crore to ₹10,959.63 crore. This growth suggests stronger business performance and better demand for gas and related services. The rise in profit, despite cost pressures, points to improved margins and efficient operations. It also reflects GAIL’s ability to manage global energy price changes while growing its market share.

Key Financial Ratios

Ratio

Value

Return on Equity (ROE)

14.64%

Return on Capital Employed

11.59%

Return on Assets

9.35%

Interest Coverage Ratio

22.33x

Asset Turnover Ratio

1.10x

Price to Earnings (P/E)

9.65x

Price to Book (P/B)

1.41x

EV/EBITDA

8.02x

EBITDA Margin

11.76%

Recent Quarterly/Annual Results

In Q4 FY 2024-25, GAIL reported a 1.3% year-on-year rise in net profit, reaching ₹2,505.61 crore compared to ₹2,474.31 crore in Q4 FY 2023-24. However, profit dropped by 39.4% from ₹4,084.24 crore in the previous quarter. Revenue rose 11% YoY to ₹36,551.15 crore but was slightly lower than ₹36,937.05 crore in Q3. This shows seasonal or operational variations in income and expenses.

GAIL (India) Ltd. Share Price Performance

Tracking how the GAIL share price has moved over time.

Historical Share Price Trends

The GAIL share price has experienced frequent changes over the past months. On June 17, 2025, the stock was priced at ₹190.47. As of 25th June 2025, the average GAIL share price is ₹184.69. This shows a slight short-term decline. Over the past five financial years, Return on Equity (ROE) for GAIL ranged from 8.64% to 19.11%. In terms of overall return, GAIL delivered a 3-year return of 110.07%, higher than the Nifty 50 return of 59.53% during the same time. This indicates GAIL’s stock has performed well over the medium term, despite short-term movements reflecting market and seasonal variations.

52-Week High/Low

In the last 52 weeks, the highest GAIL share price reached was ₹246.30 on July 15, 2024. The lowest was ₹150.52 on March 5, 2025. This wide range shows the stock’s volatility. Highs often follow positive earnings or market trends, while lows may reflect broader sector issues or global pricing pressures. Investors monitor these levels to understand market sentiment.

Price Volatility and Market Cap

GAIL has shown moderate price fluctuations with a beta of 1.09 over 6 months, 0.92 over 1 year, and 0.89 over 3 years. A beta below 1 suggests GAIL stock is slightly less volatile than the broader market. The market capitalisation stands at ₹1,21,264 crore, placing it among India’s large-cap companies. This reflects strong investor interest and GAIL’s sizable role in the gas sector.

Pros & Cons of GAIL (India) Ltd.

A balanced look at strengths and challenges.

Pros:

  • Wide gas pipeline network across India

  • Strong government backing and Maharatna status

  • Presence in LNG, petrochemicals, and renewables

  • Growing investments in hydrogen and clean energy

  • Consistent dividend payments

Cons:

  • Business performance tied to global gas prices

  • Earnings sensitive to seasonal demand fluctuations

  • Capital-heavy projects with long return periods

  • Regulatory changes may affect pricing and distribution

  • High competition in city gas and retail energy markets

GAIL (India) Ltd. Stock Fundamentals

A look at key valuation and profitability metrics.

P/E Ratio, EPS, ROE, etc.

Metric

Value

P/E Ratio (x)

9.75

EPS (TTM)

₹18.93

ROE (%)

14.64

ROCE (%)

11.59

P/B Ratio

1.43

Book Value (₹)

₹127.46

Dividend Yield (%)

4.07

Face Value (₹)

₹10

Dividend History

GAIL has a long record of paying dividends. In FY25, it paid an interim dividend of ₹6.50 and announced a final dividend of ₹1.00. Previous years saw steady payouts, such as ₹5.50 in FY24 and ₹4.00 in FY23. This reflects the company’s focus on rewarding shareholders, subject to profit levels and board approval. Dividend consistency is an indicator of financial health in public sector companies.

Shareholding Pattern 

As of March 2025, GAIL India’s shareholding pattern is as follows: 

Category

Holding (%)

Promoters

51.88

FII

14.79

DII

18.99

Mutual Funds

11.43

Others

14.34

Pledged Shares

0.00

This shows a balanced ownership structure with strong institutional presence.

Competitors of GAIL (India) Ltd.

Comparing GAIL with other major players in the gas and energy sector.

Peer Comparison

Company

Price

PE

P/B

ROE (%)

1 Yr (%)

MCap (Cr)

Debt/Equity

GAIL

184.29

9.74

1.45

14.64

-13.54

1,21,172.51

0.19

Adani Total Gas

634.40

106.62

17.84

15.55

-28.68

69,771.95

0.42

Gujarat Gas

454.00

27.22

3.92

13.52

-25.93

31,252.91

0.00

Indraprastha Gas

208.91

17.03

2.77

16.18

-11.84

29,247.43

0.00

Mahanagar Gas

1,443.80

13.71

2.57

17.69

-3.48

14,261.54

0.00

Market Positioning

GAIL is one of India’s major natural gas infrastructure companies with a wide network and diversified operations. Compared to its peers, it holds a significant share in transmission and gas trading. Its strong government link and presence across the full gas value chain give it a stable position. GAIL also actively invests in green energy and new gas markets. However, in city gas distribution and retail, other players like IGL and Adani Total Gas are direct competitors with faster growth in consumer-facing areas.

Future Outlook for GAIL (India) Ltd.

Where the company is heading in the coming years.

Growth Opportunities

GAIL is looking to expand its LNG supply through a 10-year agreement with ADNOC Gas for 0.52 million tonnes per year, starting 2026. The LNG will come from Das Island, a well-known LNG facility. This contract helps diversify sources and improve energy security. Additionally, the company is investing ₹844 crore to increase capacity of its pipeline network in western India. GAIL’s growth plans include further city gas expansion, hydrogen blending, and entry into more renewable projects. These moves are expected to support long-term supply reliability and help India’s shift to cleaner energy.

Risks and Challenges

GAIL’s performance depends on global gas sourcing, shipping, and infrastructure. Any disruption at ports or in supply chains can impact its operations. Gas demand also depends on price affordability for industries and households. Changes in government regulation or global gas prices can affect profits. In petrochemicals, GAIL faces pricing pressure and competition. Entering newer areas like hydrogen and biofuels also comes with high investment and uncertain demand.

How to Track GAIL (India) Ltd.'s Share Price?

You can track the GAIL share price live on the NSE (National Stock Exchange) and BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange) websites. It is also listed on most trading platforms and stock apps. These tools offer real-time prices, volume data, charts, and historical prices. For company updates, visit the official website www.gailonline.com. Investors can also refer to the investor section for reports, announcements, and financial results.

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