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Coal India - History, Overview & Future Outlook

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Coal India - History, Overview & Future Outlook

Coal India Limited (CIL), a ‘Maharatna’ company under the Ministry of Coal, Government of India, is based in Kolkata, West Bengal. Established in 1975, following the nationalisation of India's coal sector, CIL has eight subsidiaries and controls a significant portion of India's coal production. Starting with a modest output of 79 million tonnes, CIL has grown to become the world’s largest coal producer. As of April 1, 2024, it also stands among the biggest corporate employers, with a workforce of 2,28,861 people.

CIL plays a vital role in fulfilling India's energy requirements, particularly for power generation and industrial consumption. In recent years, Coal India has emphasised productivity enhancement, mechanisation, and green practices. As India is shifting towards cleaner energy, CIL is considering diversifying into solar power and cleaner coal technology. 

Although coal will continue to play a key role in India's energy security in the near future, Coal India's strategic shift is designed to align with the country's changing energy needs.

Source: Company Website

About Coal India Share Price

History

In November 1975, Coal India Limited (CIL) was formed by amalgamating the nationalised coal organisations NCDC and CMAL into a single entity. It adopted five subsidiaries: BCCL, ECL, CCL, WCL, and CMPDIL, followed by NCL, SECL, and MCL. The Government of India offloaded 10% in October 2010 at ₹ 245/share via an IPO, which was oversubscribed 14 times. And once listed, the share soared ~40%.

Industry and Sector

Coal India is a mining and minerals company that has been accorded "Maharatna" status and is the world's largest coal-producing company. Its coal is used mainly to fuel the power and steel industries in India.

Key Business Areas

  • Extraction of coal through 322 mines (138 underground, 171 open-cast, 13 mixed) in eight states.

  • Processing of coal, including washeries to eliminate impurities.

  • Subsidiaries like BCCL (coking coal), SECL, CCL, WCL, etc.

Coal India Share Price – Key Highlights

Mission & Vision

Although certain statements aren't publicised much, being a state company, CIL seeks to attain energy security, operational performance, and sustainable development in line with national plans for net-zero emissions by 2070.

Milestones and Achievements

  • IPO during 2010; included in the BSE Sensex in 2011.

  • Reached ~1 billion tonnes of coal production in FY2024‑25; targeted to peak by 2035.

  • Awarded Maharatna status (2011); previously.

Recent Developments or News

  • Restarting 32 idle mines and opening five new opencast mines in FY2025‑26 to fulfil burgeoning demand.

  • CCL joint venture produced 87.5 MT in FY25, a record high, and is opening new mines (e.g., Kotre Basantpur & Chandragupt).

  • Q4 FY25 results were anticipated to depict a mixed performance, with increased volumes but a squeeze on realisations. Net profit was estimated to be approximately ₹8,690 Cr, and revenue was estimated to be around ₹38,290 Cr. 

Source: Livemint 

Financial Overview of Coal India Share Price

Revenue and Profit Trends

  • Net profit of ₹35,358 Cr in FY2024–25 with operating revenue at ₹1,43,369 Cr.

  • Year-over-year EBITDA gains with pressure on margin due to subdued e-auction premiums and increasing employee costs noted in the Q4 preview on Livemint

Key Financial Ratios

  • Trailing P/E ratio ~6.9 compared to industry average ~10.1.

  • Dividend yield ~6.75%; Debt/Equity ratio ~0.09.

  • P/B ratio ~2.5.

Recent Quarterly/Annual Results

  • Q4 FY25 preview anticipates net profit ₹8,690 Cr, revenue ₹38,290 Cr (↑2.4%), EBITDA ₹11,110 Cr (↑12.9%), and Board meeting on 7 May 2025 to clear results—including dividend.

  • Actual Q4 results (released 7 May 2025): Net profit ₹9,592–9,604 Cr (↑12 %), revenue ~₹37,825 Cr (↓1 %), EBITDA ~₹11,790 Cr (↑3.5 %), and board's final dividend announcement of ₹5.15/share.

Source: Livemint 

Coal India Share Price Performance

Historical Share Price Trends

On June 24, 2025, Coal India (NSE: COALINDIA) was trading at around ₹ 392.94/share, representing a 17% decline over the past year but a 123% increase over 3 years and a 178% increase over 5 years.

52‑Week High/Low
  • 52‑week high: ₹544.70

  • 52‑week low: ₹349.20.

Price Volatility and Market Cap

  • Market capitalisation: ~₹241,900 Cr as of Jun 24, 2025

  • 1‑month return: –2.2% to –2.4%

  • 3‑month return: –3.1% to –3.25% 

  • 1‑year return: –17.0% to –17.13%

Source: Livemint, Economic Times 

Pros & Cons of Coal India Share Price

Pros

  • Vertical integration and the market share of the coal industry in India.

  • High dividend level (~6.8%) and low debts.

  • The long-term demand is supported by the government's reopening of mines and increased energy needs.

Cons

  • Revenue becomes subject to high e-auction premiums and poor realisations.

  • Exposure to regulatory and environmental forces.

  • Unstable share price; 1yr decline of 17 %.

Source: Livemint, Economic Times 

Coal India Stock Fundamentals

P/E Ratio, EPS, ROE, etc.

P/E: ~6.9 × vs sector ~10.1 × .

EPS: Not directly given, but low P/E supported by implied earnings.

ROE: Healthy, implied by profit margins and low equity base (Debt/Equity ~0.09).

Dividend History

  • Healthy dividend yield of ~6.75%, final dividend declared in Q4 FY25 board meeting.

Shareholding Pattern

  • The government retains the major share (~65% post-2015 OFS), while Mutual Funds have approximately 11.4% as of 31 March 2025.

  • The promoter's (GoI) holding has gradually eroded through IPOs and OFS; private and FPIs' shareholding remains constant.

Source: Livemint 

Competitors of Coal India Share Price

Peer Comparison

Company

Segment

Market Position

BCCL

Coking coal

Biggest coking coal producer (~50 per cent share)

SECL

Non‑coking

The biggest manufacturer under the CIL banner

WCL, CCL

Regional suppliers

Manage opencast mines as well as underground mines in India

Market Positioning

CIL is the largest supplier of coal in India (~75% of national demand), a Maharatna PSU with large-scale operations, government support, and geo-strategic significance.

Future Outlook for Coal India Share Price

Growth Opportunities

  • Rebuilding and expanding closed-down mines (32 in the works) and five new opencast mines.

  • Investments in coal-to-methanol and cleaner coal technology are sustainable.

  • Increasing domestic energy requirements and poor renewable infrastructure.

Risks and Problems

  • Margins can be affected by a fall in e-auction realisations.

  • Policies of environmental control and political pressure for a carbon transition.

  • Renewable Energy Growth and Global Trends in Decarbonization.

Analyst Opinions / Market Sentiment

  • Most analysts' suggestion: Buy (~66 %) average target ~₹439 (12 % upside).

  • A few bearish technical indicators: Poor performance below EMAs and potential erosion of the 356 support level.

Source: Livemint  

How to Track Coal India Share Price?

Monitoring the share price of Coal India Limited is achievable through several credible and readily available means. Investors, analysts, and stakeholders can do this regularly to stay informed about market trends, company updates, and financial information. Here's how you can do it:

1. Stock Exchange Websites

Coal India is traded on prominent Indian stock exchanges. You can access official stock exchange sites and search for the company by using either its full name or its ticker symbol. These sites offer real-time data, historical information, and trading volumes.

2. Financial News Sites

Popular financial news websites provide frequent updates regarding share price movements, company reports, earnings, and expert views. These sites usually feature interactive charts, technical signals, and commentaries to interpret price action.

3. Company's Investor Relations Page

Coal India has an official website that features an Investor Relations section where you can find financial statements, stock exchange filings, press releases, and other regulatory disclosures. It is a direct and reliable source for corporate actions like dividends, earnings announcements, and shareholder news.

4. Mobile Applications & Financial Tools

Some financial information providers offer mobile apps and web-based tools for monitoring real-time share prices, receiving alerts, and setting up watchlists. Many of these tools enable the comparison of stock performance over varying periods and send notifications on important developments.

5. News Updates and Regulatory Filings

Keeping track of business news and regulatory notices is crucial for understanding the drivers of Coal India's share price. Changes in government policies, environmental or industrial developments, or quarterly earnings can all impact stock price movements.

6. Technical and Fundamental Analysis Reports

Most financial publications and free-thinking analysts provide reports analysing Coal India's share price based on various metrics, including the price-to-earnings ratio, return on equity, moving averages, and support and resistance levels. Both short-term traders and long-term investors can benefit from these reports.

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