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Callable & Non-Callable Fixed Deposits (FDs): An Overview

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Fixed Deposits (FDs) are among the popularly selected investment products in India, with fixed returns and guaranteed safety. Among the various types of FDs, there are two main types — callable & non-callable FDs. The major variation is in the withdrawal facilities before the maturity date. Callable FDs permit early withdrawal, while non-callable FDs do not. The two types serve to meet various liquidity requirements and investors' interest rate expectations.

It is essential to understand the difference between callable and non-callable FDs prior to opting for the appropriate one. Callable FDs provide greater freedom but tend to have slightly lower interest rates. However, non-callable FDs provide higher interest rates since they are locked in. This article is meant to assist investors in determining the correct type of FD depending on individual financial objectives and liquidity needs.

What is a Callable Fixed Deposit (FD)?

A callable fixed deposit is one form of term deposit in which the investor has the choice to withdraw money ahead of the term of maturity. This aspect is ideal for individuals who might need quick access to investment in case of unexpected circumstances. Banks permit this withdrawal by implementing a nominal deduction or modifying the rate of interest.

Callable FDs are readily available with both private and public sector banks in India. They are generally for tenures of 7 days to 10 years. Interest rates differ depending on the bank, deposit size, and tenure. Though the rate is marginally lower than in non-callable cases, the compromise is liquidity.

This sort of FD is conducive to financial flexibility and may be a component of medium to short-term investment planning. It is critical to learn about the withdrawal terms, since the banks might limit premature closure in the initial months.

Features & Benefits of Callable Fixed Deposits

  • Liquidity:

    Callable FDs provide the flexibility to access your funds before maturity, which can be helpful in times of financial emergencies or unexpected expenses.

  • Flexible Tenure:

    Investors can choose from a wide range of tenure options, making it easier to align with different short-term and medium-term goals.

  • Nominal Penalty:

    In case of early withdrawal, banks may apply a small penalty or revise the applicable interest rate, but the option to access funds remains available.

  • Wide Availability:

    These FDs are easily accessible through most banks and financial institutions, both online and offline.

  • Fixed Returns:

    Despite the flexibility, callable FDs offer a fixed interest rate, ensuring predictable income throughout the term.

  • Ease of Booking:

    Booking a callable FD requires minimal documentation and can be done seamlessly via net banking, mobile apps, or branch visits.

What is a Non-Callable Fixed Deposit (FD)?

A non-callable fixed deposit cannot be withdrawn prematurely in normal times. The money gets invested once and stays locked until the maturity of the selected tenure. It is a good choice for those who do not need liquidity but wish to avail themselves of higher interest rates.

Non-callable FDs are usually launched with a minimum investment value of ₹15 lakh and above. They are designed to give better interest rates than callable deposits. As the banks are guaranteed to keep the money with them for a set period of time, they provide marginally higher returns.

Whereas the non-callability restricts flexibility, it may motivate disciplined investment. It is particularly apt for long-term financial objectives where liquidity is not imperative. Banks might provide exceptions under certain circumstances, like the death of the depositor, but this differs.

Features & Benefits of Non-Callable Fixed Deposits (FDs)

  • Higher Interest Rates:

    Non-callable FDs offer slightly better returns than callable options due to the absence of premature withdrawal.

  • Disciplined Investing:

    Since the amount remains locked in, it encourages a more disciplined investment approach aligned with long-term objectives.

  • Minimum Deposit Requirement:

    Usually starts from ₹15 lakh, making them suitable for high-value investors looking for better-fixed returns.

  • Stable Returns:

    Helps secure consistent interest income throughout the chosen tenure without interruptions or changes.

  • Suitable for Long-Term:

    Best suited for long-term goals where you do not need immediate access to the funds.

  • Limited Flexibility:

    The inability to withdraw early ensures that the funds remain intact and committed to their intended purpose.

Key Differences Between Callable and Non-Callable FDs

Feature

Callable FD

Non-Callable FD

Premature Withdrawal

Allowed with a penalty or reduced interest rate

Not allowed under normal circumstances

Liquidity

High, due to the flexibility of early withdrawal

Low, as funds remain locked until maturity

Interest Rates

Slightly lower due to the withdrawal option

Slightly higher due to fixed tenure and no early exit

Minimum Investment

No fixed minimum, varies across banks

Often starts from ₹15 lakh or more

Flexibility

Offers flexibility for changing plans

Locked-in discourages unplanned withdrawals

Investor Type

Suitable for those needing access to funds on short notice

Ideal for those focused on earning better returns without liquidity needs

Penalty Charges

Applicable on early exit, based on tenure and amount

Not applicable as early withdrawal is generally disallowed

Availability

Widely offered by banks across tenure ranges

Limited to select investors based on higher deposit requirements

Factors to Consider When Choosing Between Callable and Non-Callable FDs

  • Liquidity Needs:

    Choose callable FDs if you might need funds early.

  • Investment Amount:

    Non-callable FDs typically require a higher deposit.

  • Interest Rate Preference:

    Non-callable FDs offer slightly higher returns.

  • Risk Tolerance:

    Callable FDs are suitable for those who want flexibility.

  • Financial Goals:

    Long-term goals with no liquidity requirement suit non-callable FDs.

  • Bank Terms:

    Review bank-specific terms for withdrawal, penalties, and tenure.

How to Choose Between Callable and Non-Callable FDs

Here’s a step-by-step guide that will help in making an informed decision while choosing one: 

  1. Assess Your Liquidity Requirement:

    Identify if you may need to withdraw funds before the deposit matures. If yes, callable FDs are more suitable.

  2. Check the Minimum Investment:

    Ensure you meet the bank’s minimum investment criteria for non-callable FDs, which is usually higher.

  3. Compare Interest Rates:

    Evaluate the interest rate difference between the FD types and see what fits your return expectations.

  4. Understand Withdrawal Terms:

    Review the specific withdrawal rules and penalties imposed by your bank for callable FDs.

  5. Match Tenure With Goals:

    Align the FD tenure with your financial plan—shorter durations for callable FDs and longer for non-callable.

  6. Read the Fine Print:

    Always go through the terms and conditions, especially clauses related to early withdrawal and penalties.

  7. Evaluate Alternative Options:

    If neither suits your needs, consider recurring deposits or debt mutual funds based on your financial goals.

Conclusion

Both callable and non-callable FDs serve different investment needs. While callable fixed deposits provide liquidity and flexibility, non-callable fixed deposits cater to investors seeking better returns without early withdrawal options. The choice depends on your financial objectives, required liquidity, and investment horizon. Always compare offerings across banks before locking in your funds.

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The information on this website is provided on "AS IS" basis. Bajaj Broking (BFSL) does not warrant the accuracy of the information given herein, either expressly or impliedly, for any particular purpose and expressly disclaims any warranties of merchantability or suitability for any particular purpose. While BFSL strives to ensure accuracy, it does not guarantee the completeness, reliability, or timeliness of the information. Users are advised to independently verify details and stay updated with any changes.

The information provided on this website is for general informational purposes only and is subject to change without prior notice. BFSL shall not be responsible for any consequences arising from reliance on the information provided herein and shall not be held responsible for all or any actions that may subsequently result in any loss, damage and or liability. Interest rates, fees, and charges etc., are revised from time to time, for the latest details please refer to our Pricing page.

Neither the information, nor any opinion contained in this website constitutes a solicitation or offer by BFSL or its affiliates to buy or sell any securities, futures, options or other financial instruments or provide any investment advice or service.

BFSL is acting as distributor for non-broking products/ services such as IPO, Mutual Fund, Insurance, PMS, and NPS. These are not Exchange Traded Products. For more details on risk factors, terms and conditions please read the sales brochure carefully before investing.

Investments in the securities market are subject to market risk, read all related documents carefully before investing. This content is for educational purposes only. Securities quoted are exemplary and not recommendatory.

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