How to File Nil GSTR-1?

By Bajaj Broking Team

April 20, 2026

4 mins read

Taxes

Summary :

Nil GSTR-1 is a required return for registered taxpayers who didn't make any sales during a tax period. Filing makes sure you follow the rules and avoids penalties, even if you don't do any business. It keeps the GSTIN status active and makes it easier to match up records.

Registered taxpayers must file a Nil GSTR-1 even if they made no sales during a tax period. This makes sure that your business follows the rules for GST.

All you have to do is choose the "Nil return" option on the official portal. You then use an OTP or DSC to check that your submission is correct.

What is Filing Nil GSTR-1?

Filing Nil GSTR-1 means submitting a return that indicates no outward supplies for a particular period. Even in months with zero business activity, registered taxpayers must file this to stay compliant. Filing helps avoid penalties and ensures that the taxpayer's GSTIN remains active and in good standing.

Who Should File Nil GSTR 1?

Any GST-registered individual or entity that has made no outward supply of goods or services during a given tax period must file Nil GSTR-1. This includes dormant businesses or temporarily inactive accounts that maintain active GST registration. Filing preserves compliance history and avoids late fees.

Step to File Nil GSTR-1 on the GST Portal

Taxpayers who don't make any external supplies must file a Nil GSTR-1 to avoid late costs. The online approach is quick and easy to utilise.

Portal Login: Go to the GST website and sign in with your current login information. Check to see if your GSTIN status is now active.
Access the Dashboard: Navigate to the Returns Dashboard. Choose the right financial year and the month or quarter you need to file.
Prepare Return: Click "Prepare Online" under GSTR-1 to get ready to file. When the system asks if you wish to file a Nil return, choose "Yes".
Check Declaration: Check the box to show that no supplies were provided to the outside. This statement is required by law for Nil filing.
Last Submission: Use an OTP for people or a DSC for businesses. To send your return to the government, you must complete the verification process.
Number of Reference: Keep the Acknowledgement Reference Number once you file it. This is your proof that you followed the rules for future audits or tax reviews.

Benefits of Filing GSTR-1

Avoid Late Filing Penalties

By submitting the return on time, taxpayers avoid penalties under Section 47 of the CGST Act, which imposes daily fines for delayed returns, even Nil ones.

Maintain Active GST Compliance Status

Regularly filing returns, including Nil ones, ensures that the GSTIN remains active and compliant in the government’s database.

Simplifies the Reconciliation of Books

Even when there are no outward supplies, filing maintains consistency in records, easing monthly or quarterly reconciliation.

Supports Income Tax Filing Accuracy

Filing GSTR-1 accurately, even when Nil, complements income tax return filing by presenting a consistent transaction trail.

Ensures Eligibility for Government Benefits

Continuous compliance with GST return filing, including Nil GSTR-1, helps businesses remain eligible for input credits and tax rebate claims wherever applicable.

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Published Date : 20 Apr 2026

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it mandatory to file a Nil GST return?

Answer Field

Yes, it is mandatory to file a Nil GSTR-1 for tax periods with no outward supplies. This ensures your GSTIN remains active and avoids notices or penalties issued by the tax authorities.

How many times is the Nil GST return acceptable?

Answer Field

A Nil GSTR-1 can be filed for any number of tax periods, provided there are genuinely no outward supplies during those months. Regular Nil filing keeps the business compliant.

What is the penalty for non-filing Nil GSTR-1?

Answer Field

If Nil GSTR-1 is not filed on time, a late fee of ₹20 per day (₹10 CGST + ₹10 SGST) is applicable. This continues until the return is filed, subject to a maximum cap.

What is the procedure for filing a Nil GSTR-1 return?

Answer Field

To file, log in to the GST portal, go to the GSTR-1 section, select ‘Nil Return’, confirm the declaration, and submit using OTP or DSC. You will receive an ARN upon successful filing.

Can I file Nil GSTR-1 for past periods?

Answer Field

Yes, it is possible to file Nil GSTR-1 returns for previous tax periods. However, if filing is delayed, late fees as per the GST law may apply to each overdue return.

What is the SMS format to file a Nil GSTR-1 return?

Answer Field

Taxpayers can send: NIL R1 to 14409 from the registered mobile number. A confirmation message will be sent upon successful filing.

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